又名《七十二朝四书人物演义》，是明代的一部较为特殊的白话小说集，共四十卷，每卷独立成篇。与其他小说不同的是，这四十篇文字正文所写的人物和事件都源于“四书”，每卷题目也均取自“四书”中的原句。因其所描写的“四书”中提及的人物分属于春秋列朝，“那时天下有七十二国”，故冠之以“七十二朝人物”。孙楷第先生在《中国通俗小说书目》中将之置于“明清小说部甲”中，但又视其为“译述性质”，认为“去通俗小说甚远”，因此“姑附诸书之后”，表明其体制的特殊性。据孙楷第先生著录，有明刊本，日本内阁文库、静嘉堂文库藏；光绪丁酉上海十万卷楼石印本，每卷有图，有总评、旁评。石印本封面题“李卓吾先生秘本”，“诸名家汇评写像”，有庚辰仲春癯道人序和空冷散人、磊道人二序。
Hard Times is unusual in several ways. It is by far the shortest of Dickens' novels, barely a quarter of the length of those written immediately before and after it. Also, unlike all but one of his other novels, Hard Times has neither a preface nor illustrations. Moreover, it is his only novel not to have scenes set in London. Instead the story is set in the fictitious Victorian industrial Coketown, a generic Northern English mill-town, in some ways similar to Manchester, though smaller. Coketown may be partially based on 19th-century Preston.
